Medical health

Primary Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Guidelines

Fudan University Cancer Hospital Gandan Yi subsidiary integrated treatment group

1. Foreword

Hospitals with the overall objective of the building, through five years of efforts, the full application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of anti-tumor added alternative role in enhancing Integrated Treatment of the liver, bile, pancreatic tumor effect, and through international and domestic exchanges collaboration , The liver, bile, pancreatic cancer has become the subject of domestic building advanced, the Asian first-class level of discipline in Integrative Medicine tumor.

2. Etiology

2.1 for common diseases

Primary liver cancer etiology and pathogenesis of the date has not yet been determined. Believe that with a variety of factors relating to the role in recent years, research focused on the B, hepatitis C virus, aflatoxin and other chemical carcinogens. Specifically including (1) viral hepatitis, (2) cirrhosis (3) aflatoxin (4) other carcinogenic chemical factors, such as nitrosamines category and azo benzene (5) parasitic infections, such as Chinese Branch clonorchiasis small parasitic intrahepatic bile duct, (6) other risk factors, such as ① genetic factors, liver cancer can sometimes be a family gathering phenomenon; ② trace elements copper, zinc higher, molybdenum lower. Trace elements copper, zinc and liver cancer It should be noted that the relationship; ③ malnutrition and lack of nutrition and high fat salted, smoked foods and cancer incidence is most closely connected, high-fat diet, hypoproteinemia, the lack of methionine and choline .

2.2 Epidemiological

Primary liver cancer is one of our common malignancy. In cancer mortality in the ranks third, second only to stomach cancer and esophageal cancer. Epidemiological investigation, liver cancer mortality vary greatly geographically. According to WHO statistics, liver cancer mortality rate in the world out fifth place. China’s per 100,000 population census in the incidence 14.58 ~ 46, Qidong in Jiangsu and Guangxi the highest incidence of Fusui. It is worth noting that the rest of the world primary liver cancer incidence rates are rising, each year about 25 million people died of the disease, of which about 40 percent occurred in China, this may be related to hepatitis C virus infection. China in recent years on prevention and treatment of liver cancer research has made significant progress. Hepatocellular carcinoma and small sub-clinical liver cancer found that an increasing number of Shanghai Medical University, Zhongshan Hospital, surgical resection of small liver cancer after 5-year survival rate of 69.4 percent. In the world are in a leading position. Sub-clinical liver cancer by the concept of not only reflects the theoretical understanding of hepatocellular carcinoma on the new change, but also promoted the treatment of major progress. The disease can occur at any age, to 40 to 49 years, male to female ratio was 3 to 5:1.

3. Prevention

3.1 The water is diverted for stagnant water flowing water, drink from ponds, home ditch water into drinking water, Shen Jingshui and water, the use of activated carbon for water purification.

3.2 Mildew mainly on corn, peanuts and the anti-mildew mycophenolate have to mould the food processing.

3.3 preventive anti-hepatitis hepatitis B vaccine injection.

4. Diagnosis and diagnostic processes

4.1 history and physical examination

Should first be asked in detail about history, including family history, tobacco and alcohol history, history of chronic hepatitis B and schistosomiasis infection, and so on.

Early symptoms have no obvious, the clinical manifestations of advanced liver pain, the most common right upper quadrant pain, the important symptoms of this disease, pain is intermittent or persistent, Duocheng pure pain, or pain, with the development of pain condition Aggravated and intolerable. Site pain and liver lesions are closely related, often in patients with sexual suffering from weight loss, fatigue, loss of appetite, abdominal distention, diarrhea, malnutrition and disease of evil, and so on. Fever is common, and more for continuing low heat, usually in the 37.5 ℃ ~ 38 ℃ around, but also was irregular or intermittent and persistent high fever

There can be enlarged liver, vascular murmur, jaundice, hypoglycemia associated with cancer such as SARS, erythrocytosis, hypercalcemia and metastasis-related symptoms.